Hemoglobin A1C Testing
Below is a plain-language overview of the hemoglobin a1c testing. Hemoglobin A1C testing measures the average amount of glucose (sugar) attached to hemoglobin in your red blood cells over the past two to three months. It is ordered to screen for prediabetes and diabetes, and to check how well blood sugar is being managed over time.
- Sample type
- blood
- Category
- Metabolic & Glucose
- Turnaround
- 1-3 business days
- Price
- $29
- Referral
- Not required
Hemoglobin A1C testing measures the average amount of glucose (sugar) attached to hemoglobin in your red blood cells over the past two to three months. It is ordered to screen for prediabetes and diabetes, and to check how well blood sugar is being managed over time.
What it measures
- Hemoglobin A1C — The main result, reported as a percentage of hemoglobin that has glucose attached.
- Estimated average glucose — A value calculated from your A1C, shown in the same units as daily glucose meters.
- Hemoglobin variants — Some inherited hemoglobin types can affect the test; labs may note or use a different method.
- Assay method — The laboratory technique used, which can matter when comparing results over time.
Who it is for
A clinician may order this test during a routine checkup, when screening for diabetes, or to monitor someone already diagnosed with diabetes or prediabetes.
Preparation
No fasting is usually required, and the test can be done at any time of day. Tell the lab about any recent blood transfusions, pregnancy, or conditions affecting red blood cells.
Results and what they mean
Results are reported as a percentage, often with an estimated average glucose. Your clinician interprets the number along with your history, symptoms, and other tests. This is general information only and is not medical advice; discuss your results with a qualified clinician.
How to order this test
- Choose the test and place a confidential order online.
- Select a certified collection site and pick a time that suits you.
- Have your specimen collected — most draws take only a few minutes.
- Review results in a secure portal, typically within 1–3 days.
Preparation, hours, and pricing vary by site; confirm details directly with the lab before your visit.
Availability by state
Direct-access online ordering for the hemoglobin a1c testing is available in most states. It is currently unavailable in 6 states:
Everywhere else you can order confidentially and collect your sample at a certified site. Browse by state →
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to fast for an A1C test?
No. Unlike some glucose tests, A1C does not require fasting.
How often should I have this test?
Frequency depends on your health and risk factors; your clinician will recommend a schedule.
Can anything make my result inaccurate?
Yes. Pregnancy, recent blood loss or transfusion, and some hemoglobin variants can affect the result.
Does A1C replace daily glucose checks?
No. A1C shows a long-term average, while daily checks show moment-to-moment changes.